Yini i-aluminium alloy?
I-aluminium alloy yingxenye yamakhemikhali lapho ezinye izinto zengezwa ku-aluminium emsulwa ukuze zithuthukise izakhiwo zayo, ngokuyinhloko ukukhulisa amandla ayo. Lezi ezinye izinto zifaka insimbi, i-silicon, yethusi, i-magnesium, i-manganese kanye ne-zinc emazingeni ahlanganisiwe angakha amaphesenti ayi-15 we-alloy ngesisindo. Ama-alloys abelwe inombolo enamadijithi amane, lapho idijithi yokuqala ikhomba isigaba esijwayelekile, noma uchungechunge, olubonakala ngezinto zalo eziphambili zokuhlanganisa.
Aluminium omsulwa
Uchungechunge lwe-1xxx
Ama-alloys we-1xxxx akhiwa amaphesenti angama-99 amaphesenti angama-99 noma ubumsulwa obuphakeme. Lolu chungechunge lunokumelana okuhle kakhulu kokugqwala, ukusebenziseka okuhle, kanye nokuvuselelwa okuphezulu nokukhalipha. Kungaleso sizathu-ke uchungechunge lwe-1XXX luvame ukusetshenziselwa ukudluliselwa, noma igridi yamandla, imigqa. Ukuqokwa kwe-alloy okujwayelekile kulolu chungechunge kungu-1350, ukuthola izinhlelo zikagesi, kanye ne-1100, ukuze kufakwe amathreyi wokudla.
Ama-alloys aphethwe ukushisa
Amanye ama-alloys aqiniswa yikhambi lokushisa ngokushisa bese licisha, noma ukupholisa okusheshayo. Ukuphathwa kokushisa kuthatha insimbi eqinile, ehlanganisiwe futhi kufudumele iphuzu elithile. Izinto ze-alloy, ezibizwa ngokuthi yisizungu, zisatshalaliswa nge-aluminium ngokubeka kwikhambi eliqinile. Insimbi ngemuva kwalokho yaqedwa, noma ipholile ngokushesha, okuqhakambisa ama-athomu asiza. Ama-athomu awonakele ngokufanele ahlanganise i-precipitate esatshalaliswa kahle. Lokhu kwenzeka emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni abizwa ngokuthi ukuguga kwemvelo noma ekusebenzeni okuphansi kokushisa okubizwa ngokuthi ukufika kokufafazwa.
Uchungechunge lwe-2xxx
Kuchungechunge lwe-2xxx, i-Copper isetshenziswa njengento ye-Aboripled Element futhi ingaqiniswa kakhulu ngokuphathwa kokushisa kokushisa. Lezi ze-alloys zinenhlanganisela enhle yamandla aphezulu nokuqina, kepha azinawo amazinga okumelana nokonakala komoya onamanye ama-aluminium ahlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke, la ma-alloys avame ukupendiswa noma ukugqokwa kokuchazwa okunjalo. Ngokuvamile bagqoke nge-alloy ehlanzayo noma i-6xxxx yochungechunge lokumelana kakhulu nokugqwala. Alloy 2024 mhlawumbe izindiza ezaziwa kakhulu zendiza.
Uchungechunge lwe-6xxx
Uchungechunge lwe-6xxx luguquguqukayo, luphehla ukushisa, lubunjiwe kakhulu, lungathandeki futhi lunamandla aphezulu ahlanganiswe nokumelana okuhle kakhulu kokugqwala. I-Alloys kulolu chungechunge iqukethe i-silicon ne-magnesium ukuze kwakhiwe i-silicide ye-magnesium ngaphakathi kwe-alloy. Imikhiqizo ye-Extrolsion evela ochungechungeni lwe-6xxx ingukhetho lokuqala lwezicelo zokwakha nezakhiwo. I-Alloy 6061 iyi-alloy esetshenziswa kabanzi kulolu chungechunge futhi ivame ukusetshenziswa elolini namafreyimu wasolwandle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwenziwa enye icala lefoni kusuka ku-7xxx sechungechunge lwe-alloy.
Uchungechunge lwe-7xxx
I-Zinc ingumenzeli oyinhloko wochungechunge, futhi lapho i-magnesium ingezwa ngenani elincane, umphumela ungumuntu oyelaphekayo oyelaphekayo, ophakeme kakhulu wamandla. Ezinye izinto ezinjengethusi ne-chromium nazo zingangezwa ngamanani amancane. Ama-alloys owaziwa kakhulu angama-7050 no-7075, asetshenziswa kabanzi embonini yezindiza.
Ama-alloys angakwelashwa okushisa
Ama-alloys aphethwe ukushisa aqiniswa ngokusebenza okubandayo. Ukusebenza kubanda kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokugoqa noma ukufeza izindlela futhi isenzo "sokusebenza" ngensimbi ukukwenza kube namandla. Isibonelo, lapho ugoqa i-aluminium phansi kuma-gauges amancanyana, kuyaqina. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukusebenza okubandayo kwakha ukwakhiwa kwezikhala nezikhala ezakhiweni, ezizovimbela ukunyakaza kwama-athomu okuhlobene. Lokhu kwandisa amandla wensimbi. Izakhi ze-Alloying ezinjenge-magnesium ziqinisa lo mphumela, okuholele emandleni aphezulu.
Uchungechunge lwe-3xxx
I-Manganese iyinto enkulu yokuhlobisa kulolu chungechunge, imvamisa ngamanani amancane we-magnesium angeziwe. Kodwa-ke, amaphesenti alinganiselwe kuphela ama-manganese angangezwa ngempumelelo ku-aluminium. I-3003 i-alloy ethandwayo yenhloso ejwayelekile ngoba inamandla alinganiselayo kanye nokusebenza okuhle futhi ingahle isetshenziswe kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezinjengabashintshi bokushisa nezitsha zokupheka. I-Alloy 3004 nokuguqulwa kwayo kusetshenziswa emizimbeni ye-aluminium beverage canes.
Uchungechunge lwe-4xxx
Ama-alloys we-4xxxx ahlanganiswe ne-silicon, engezwa ngamanani anele ukwehlisa iphuzu lokuncibilika le-aluminium, ngaphandle kokukhiqiza ubucwebe. Ngenxa yalokhu, uchungechunge lwe-4xxx lukhiqiza ucingo oluhle kakhulu lwe-welding kanye nama-alloys lapho kudingeka khona indawo ephansi yokuncibilika. I-Alloy 4043 ingenye ye-filler alloys esetshenziswa kabanzi yochungechunge lwe-welding 6xxx lwe-alloys ngezicelo zezethutho.
I-5XXX Series
I-Magnesium yi-ejenti ye-agent eyinhloko ochungechungeni lwe-5xxx futhi ingenye yezinto ezisebenza kahle futhi ezisetshenziswa kabanzi ze-aluminium. Ama-alloys kulolu chungechunge anawo alinganiselwe ezimweni zamandla aphezulu, kanye nokushiswa okuhle kanye nokumelana nokugqwala endaweni yasolwandle. Ngenxa yalokhu, ama-alloys we-aluminium-magnesium asetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakheni nasekwakhiweni, amathangi okugcina, imithambo yengcindezi kanye nezicelo zasolwandle. Izibonelo zezicelo ezijwayelekile ze-Alloy zibandakanya: 5052 kuma-elekthronikhi, 5083 kwizicelo zasemanzini, amashidi akwa-Anodized 5005 ngezinhlelo zokusebenza zokwakha kanye ne-5182 enza isiphuzo se-aluminium singasikhanyisa.
