Ngomhla ziyisi-9 kuNhlangulana, uNdunankulu waseKazakhstani u-Orzas Bektonov wahlangana no-Liu Yongxing, uSihlalo we-China Eastern Hope Group, futhi lezi zinhlangothi zombili zaphothula ngokusemthethweni iphrojekthi yepaki yezimboni ye-aluminium emile ehlangene nesamba sokutshalwa kwezimali kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-12 zamadola aseMelika. Le phrojekthi igxile emnothweni oyindilinga futhi izohlanganisa yonke iketango lemboni yezimayini ze-bauxite, ukucwengwa kwe-alumina, ukuncibilikisa i-aluminium nge-electrolytic, kanye nokucubungula okujulile kokuphela. Izophinde ihlonyiswe ngendawo yokuphehla amandla avuselelekayo ayi-3 GW, okuhloswe ngayo ukwakha isizinda sokuqala sokukhiqiza esingu-“zero carbon aluminium” emhlabeni wonke esivala iluphu kusukela ezimayini kuye emikhiqizweni ephezulu enenani eliphakeme.
Izici ezibalulekile zephrojekthi:
Isikali sokulinganisa nobuchwepheshe:Isigaba sokuqala salo msebenzi sizokwakha ukukhiqizwa konyaka okungamathani ayizigidi ezi-2 emboni ye-alumina kanye nesigidi esingu-1 samathani e-electrolytic aluminium plant, kusetshenziswa ubuchwepheshe be-metallurgical ehamba phambili emhlabeni wonke, kanye nokunciphisa amandla okukhishwa kwekhabhoni ngamaphesenti angaphezu kwama-40 uma kuqhathaniswa nezinqubo zendabuko.
Iqhutshwa amandla aluhlaza:Umthamo ofakiwe wamandla avuselelekayo njengamandla omoya afinyelela ku-3 gigawatts, ongahlangabezana no-80% wesidingo sikagesi kule paki. Ilinganisa ngokuqondile namazinga e-EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) futhi ithumela imikhiqizo emakethe yaseYurophu izogwema amanani entengo ekhabhoni aphezulu.
Ukuthuthukiswa kokuqashwa kanye nezimboni:Kulindeleke ukuthi kudaleke amathuba emisebenzi endawo angaphezu kuka-10000 futhi izibophezele ekudluliselweni kobuchwepheshe nezinhlelo zokuqeqesha abasebenzi ukuze kusizwe i-Kazakhstan iguqule isuke “ezweni elithumela izinsiza kwamanye amazwe” iye “kumnotho wokukhiqiza”.
Ukujula kwamaqhinga:resonance yezimboni of China Kazakhstan "Ibhande kanye Road" ukubambisana
Lokhu kubambisana akukona nje ukutshalwa kwezimali kwephrojekthi eyodwa, kodwa futhi kubonisa ukubophezela okujulile phakathi kwe-China ne-Kazakhstan ekuhambisaneni kwezinsiza kanye nokuphepha kwe-supply chain.
Indawo yensiza:Iziqiwi zaseKazakhstan ezifakazelwe ze-bauxite ziphakathi kwezinhlanu ezihamba phambili emhlabeni, futhi intengo kagesi ingu-1/3 kuphela wezindawo ezisogwini lwaseChina. Igqagqene izinzuzo zendawo zesikhungo sezokuthutha ezihamba phansi "I-Belt and Road", ingasakaza izimakethe ze-EU, Central Asia kanye ne-China.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni:Le phrojekthi yethula izixhumanisi zokucubungula ezijulile zensimbi (njengezezimotoamapuleti e-aluminiumkanye nezinto ze-aluminium yezindiza) ukuze kugcwaliswe igebe embonini yokukhiqiza yaseKazakhstan futhi kugqugquzelwe ukukhuphuka okungama-30% -50% enani elengeziwe lemikhiqizo yayo yensimbi engeyona insimbi.
I-Green Diplomacy:Ngokuhlanganisa amandla avuselelekayo kanye nobuchwepheshe bekhabhoni ephansi, izwi lezinkampani zaseShayina embonini yensimbi eluhlaza emhlabeni wonke liyathuthukiswa, kwakheka uthango lwamasu olumelene “nemigoqo eluhlaza” yaseYurophu naseMelika.
Ukuguqulwa kabusha kwemboni ye-aluminium yomhlaba wonke: 'ipharadigm entsha yezinkampani zaseChina yokuhamba emhlabeni jikelele'
Lesi sinyathelo se-Dongfang Hope Group siphawula ukweqa kwamabhizinisi ase-China e-aluminium ukusuka ekuphumeni kwamandla kuya ekuphumeni okujwayelekile kobuchwepheshe.
Ukugwema izingozi zohwebo:I-EU ihlela ukukhulisa ingxenye “ye-aluminium eluhlaza” ethunyelwa ngaphandle ibe ngu-60% ngo-2030. Le phrojekthi ingadlula imingcele yokuhweba evamile ngokukhiqiza kwendawo futhi ihlanganise ngokuqondile ochungechungeni lwemboni yezimoto zamandla amasha aseYurophu (njengefektri yase-Tesla yaseBerlin).
I-loop evaliwe yalo lonke uchungechunge lwemboni:Ukwakha uhlelo lukanxantathu lwe-"Kazakhstan Mining China Technology EU Market" ukunciphisa ubungozi bezokuthutha kanye nezepolitiki. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi iphrojekthi inganciphisa ukukhishwa kwekhabhoni okubangelwa ukuthuthwa kwebanga elide ngamathani acishe abe yizigidi eziyi-1.2 ngonyaka ngemva kokufinyelela umthamo wokukhiqiza.
Umphumela we-Synergy:Imikhakha ye-silicon ye-photovoltaic kanye ne-polycrystalline engaphansi kweqembu ingakha ukuxhumana nemboni ye-aluminium, njengokusebenzisa izinsiza zelanga zaseKazakhstan ukwakha iziteshi zamandla e-photovoltaic, okuqhubeka nokunciphisa izindleko zokusetshenziswa kwamandla kwe-electrolytic aluminium.
Izinselelo zesikhathi esizayo kanye nemithelela yezimboni
Naphezu kwamathemba abanzi ale phrojekthi, izinselelo eziningi kusadingeka zixazululwe.
Ubungozi be-geopolitical: I-United States ne-Europe baqinisa imizamo “yokwenza i-Sinicize key supply chain,” kanti iKazakhstan, njengelungu le-Eurasian Economic Union eholwa yiRussia, ingase ibhekane nengcindezi yaseNtshonalanga.
Ukwakhiwa kwendawo yobuchwepheshe: Isisekelo sezimboni saseHarbin asinamandla, futhi ukukhiqizwa kwezinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu ze-aluminium kudinga ukuzivumelanisa nobuchwepheshe besikhathi eside. Inselele eyinhloko yokuzibophezela kuka-Dongfang ekwandiseni ingxenye yabasebenzi basendaweni (okuhloswe ukuthi bafinyelele ku-70% phakathi neminyaka emi-5) kuyoba uvivinyo olubalulekile.
Ukukhathazeka kokugcwala ngokweqile: Izinga lokusetshenziswa komhlaba wonke lomthamo wokukhiqiza i-aluminiyamu ye-electrolytic lehle ngaphansi kuka-65%, kodwa izinga lokukhula lonyaka lesidingo se-aluminium eluhlaza lidlula ama-25%. Le phrojekthi kulindeleke ukuthi ivule imakethe yolwandle oluluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokuma okuhlukile (ikhabhoni ephansi, ephezulu).
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-17-2025