Ⅰ Izindawo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zama-aluminium alloys
Ingxubevange ye-aluminium yokusakaza isiphenduke into ebalulekile embonini yesimanje ngenxa yokuminyana kwayo okuphansi, amandla athile aphezulu, ukusebenza kahle kokusakaza, kanye nokumelana nokugqwala. Izinkambu zayo zokusebenza zingafingqwa zibe yizikhombisi-ndlela ezinhlanu ezilandelayo:
1. Inkambu yezokuthutha: umthwali oyinhloko wenguquko engasindi
Imboni yezimoto: Njengemakethe enkulu kunazo zonke ezansi nomfula yama-alloys enziwe nge-aluminium (ibalwa ngaphezu kuka-60%), isetshenziswa kakhulu kumabhulokhi amasilinda enjini, izindlu zokudlulisela, izihabhu zamasondo, nezingxenye zesakhiwo se-chassis. Uma sithatha ingxubevange ye-ADC12 njengesibonelo, izinga lokungena kwezingxenye zayo ezifayo kumagobolondo ephakethe lebhethri lemoto yamandla amasha, amakepisi enjini, nezinye izingxenye liyaqhubeka nokukhuphuka, okuphusha ukusetshenziswa kwe-aluminium ngemoto ngayinye kuya ekuhlosweni okungu-220kg.
I-Aerospace: Ezingxenyeni zesakhiwo sendiza (njengemishayo yamaphiko, abakaki begiya lokuhlala) kanye nezingxenye zenjini (njengama-turbine blade, ama-casings), ama-alloys e-aluminium enamandla amakhulu (njenge-ZL205A) afinyelela ibhalansi phakathi kokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu okungu-400 ℃ kanye nokumelana nokukhathala ngenqubo yokwelapha ukushisa kwe-T7.
Ezokuthutha ngololiwe: Izingxenye ezibalulekile ezifana nezinqola zezitimela ezinesivinini esikhulu namabhokisi kagiya enziwe ngengxubevange ye-ZL1101A, azuza ukuncipha kwesisindo esingaphezu kuka-30% kuyilapho kuqinisekiswa amandla.
2. Inkambu ye-elekthronikhi nekagesi: ukusekelwa kwezobuchwepheshe kokukhiqiza ngokunemba
Imikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi ye-3C: Uhlaka oluphakathi lwama-smartphones kanye negobolondo lama-laptops enziwe ngezingxenye ze-aluminium alloy die-casting, futhi ingxubevange ye-ZL402 inemba ekhiqizwa ngogqinsi oluyi-0.5mm ngobuchwepheshe bokwakha obuqinile, kuyilapho ihlangabezana nezidingo zokuvikela i-electromagnetic kanye nokuqeda ukushisa.
Imishini yamandla: I-ZL303 alloy isetshenziselwa igobolondo le-switchgear ephezulu kanye nesinki yokushisa ye-transformer, ebonisa izinzuzo eziyingqayizivele ekwakhiweni kweziteshi zamandla ogwini ngenxa yokumelana nokubola kwamanzi olwandle.
3. Inkambu yemishini yemishini: imodeli yokusebenza yokuguga nokumelana nokugqwala
Amarobhothi ezimbonini: Izindlu ezincishiswayo ezihlangene zenziwe nge-eutectic Al Si alloy (efana ne-ZL117), futhi ubuchwepheshe be-silicon phase spheroidization buthuthukisa ukumelana nokugqoka ngo-40%, kunwebe impilo yesevisi yemishini.
Imishini yokwakha: I-ZL104 ingxubevange ikhethelwa umzimba wepompo ye-hydraulic, isisekelo sesiqhingi se-valve nezinye izingxenye, futhi izuzwe ngokwelashwa kokushisa kwe-T6 ukuze kuzuzwe σ b ≥ 350MPa, efanelekayo izimo eziphezulu zomthwalo.
4. Umkhuba Omusha Wokwakha Okuluhlaza Esimeni Sezifanekiso Zokwakha
I-aluminium alloy formwork: Ingxenye ye6061-T6 ingxubevangeumsebenzi osetshenziswa ezakhiweni esezakhiwe ngaphambilini ufinyelela ku-35%, futhi isici sawo sokuphinda sisetshenziswe izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-200 kunciphisa imfucuza yokwakha ngo-90% uma kuqhathaniswa nesakhiwo sokhuni, esihlangabezana nezidingo zesu “lekhabhoni ekabili”.
5. Imboni Yezokuvikela Kazwelonke Nezempi: Ukuphumelela Ekusebenzeni Kwemvelo Okudlulele
Ikhompathimenti yemicibisholo: I-ZL205A ingxubevange ingaphansi kokwelashwa kokushisa kwe-T77 ukuze kugcinwe ukuzinza kohlangothi ebangeni lokushisa elingu- -54 ℃ kuya ku-150 ℃, futhi isetshenziswa ezingxenyeni zesakhiwo zemizimba yesu elicitshwayo elicitshwayo.
Impahla yomkhumbi: Ophephela be-alloy be-ZL305 banezinga lokumelana nokugqwala elingaphansi kuka-0.03mm/ngonyaka ezindaweni zokucwiliswa emanzini olwandle, andisa impilo yabo yesevisi ngokuphindwe kathathu uma kuqhathaniswa namaalloyi ethusi endabuko.
Ⅱ Ukuhlaziywa kobukhulu nezinkomba ezibalulekile zama-alloys e-aluminium ekhonjiwe
Uhlelo Lokuhlola Ukusebenza Okubalulekile
Ukusebenza kokusakaza: Ngokugeleza (ubude obuvunguzayo ≥ 500mm) kanye nezinga lokuncipha lomugqa (≤ 1.2%) njengezinkomba eziyinhloko, ingxubevange ye-Al Si isibe yinketho ekhethwayo yokulingisa ifa ngenxa yenzuzo yayo yokwakheka kwe-eutectic.
Izakhiwo zikagesi: Amandla okuqina (σ b) nobude (δ) adinga ukufanisa isimo sohlelo lokusebenza, njengezingxenye zokuphepha zezimoto ezidinga u-σ b ≥ 250MPa kanye no-δ ≥ 3%.
Impendulo yokwelashwa kokushisa: Isimo se-T6 sinokukhuphuka kwamandla ngo-15% -20% uma kuqhathaniswa nesimo se-T5, kodwa ingozi yokuqina komsebenzi idinga ukulingana.
Ukuhlaziywa kokuhlinzekwa nokufunwa kochungechunge lwezimboni
Uhlangothi lwempahla eluhlaza: Ama-akhawunti okunikezwa kwe-aluminium eyizinsimbi afinyelela ku-59%, kodwa ukuncika kwamanye amazwe kusekhona (i-Malaysia ne-Thailand amazwe angumthombo omkhulu), futhi kufanele kuqashelwe izinguquko zenqubomgomo yentela ye-760200090.
Isiphetho sokukhiqiza: Izinga lokusebenzisa amandla okukhiqiza i-aluminium egaywe kabusha lingaphansi kwama-55%, futhi izinga lokuhlushwa embonini elingu-CR10 lingama-45 kuphela%. Umthamo wokukhiqiza osanda kufakwa e-Anhui, Guangdong nakwezinye izindawo uzokhishwa ngendlela egxilile (okulindeleke ukuthi kwengezwe amathani ayizigidi ezingu-2.66 ngo-2025).
Uhlangothi lwabathengi: Izinga lokukhula kwesidingo emkhakheni wezimoto lihlobene kakhulu nokukhiqizwa kwezimoto zamandla amasha (ene-coefficient yokuxhumanisa engu-0.82), kuyilapho umkhakha wezokwakha uthintwa kakhulu yinqubomgomo yokulethwa okuqinisekisiwe.
I-Evolution Path of Process Technology
Ubuchwepheshe bokuhlanza ukuncibilika: Indlela yomjovo we-rotary (RGI) ifinyelela okuqukethwe kwe-hydrogen engu-≤ 0.15ml/100gAl, esebenza kahle ngo-60% kunendlela yebhamuza evamile.
Ukukhiqiza Okungeziwe: Ubuchwepheshe be-Selective Laser Melting (SLM) buvumela ukubumba ngesikhathi esisodwa kwezingxenye zesakhiwo sesiteshi esiyinkimbinkimbi, kukhuphule ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo zibe ngaphezu kwama-85%.
Ubuchwepheshe bokulingisa: Isofthiwe ye-ProCAST ilingisa ukuthambekela kokuncipha kanye nokuxega, iqondisa ukuthuthukiswa kwenani le-inoculant eyengeziwe, futhi yehlisa izinga le-scrap ngamaphesenti angu-2.3.
Abashayeli bentengo yemakethe
Ukwakhiwa kwezindleko: I-aluminium eyinsalela yenza u-90%, futhi ukushintshashintsha kwezintengo ze-aluminium ye-electrolytic kudluliselwa ngenani le-aluminium engu-A00 x isilinganiso sesaphulelo. Inkokhelo yamanje yokucubungula ihlala kububanzi obungu-800-1200 yuan/ton.
I-arbitrage yentengo: Isilinganiso sezimpawu zokuhlehla zomehluko wentengo phakathi kwe-ADC12 ne-A00 aluminium zibalulekile. Uma umehluko wentengo udlula u-2500 yuan/ton, umphumela wokushintsha udoti ocolisisiwe uyabonakala.
Umjikelezo we-inventory: Isilinganiso sokusungula komphakathi nempahla yasendlini (15700 tons/79000 tons) sisezingeni eliphansi ngokomlando, futhi sidinga ukuqaphela igalelo elinjengomthelela wemakethe yokugcwalisa amanani.
Ⅲ I-Outlook Kumathrendi Okuthuthukiswa Kwemboni
Ukuthuthukiswa kwesakhiwo esidingekayo: Isidingo sezingxenye ezintsha zemoto yamandla azokwenyuka ngo-24% CAGR, okuzokwenza ukuthi ingxenye yemakethe yama-alloys e-aluminium angashisi (njenge-CNC-F) idlule u-30%.
Ukusheshisa ukudidiyelwa kobuchwepheshe: Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe obungamawele edijithali kunqubo yokuncibilikisa kuzuze ukunemba kokulawula ukwakheka okungu-± 0.05% kanye nezinga lokukhiqiza lama-92%.
Ukujula komthelela wenqubomgomo: Ngemva kokusetshenziswa ngokugcwele kwenqubomgomo "yokubuyisela emuva ama-invoyisi", izindleko zomthwalo wentela zezinkampani ze-aluminium ezigaywe kabusha kulindeleke ukuthi zehle ngamaphesenti angu-1.2, okuphromotha ukukhululwa kwamandla okukhiqiza athobelayo.
Lolu hlaka lokuhlaziya luveza ukuthi imboni ye-aluminium yokuphonsa ingxubevange iyashintsha isuka ekukhiqizweni evamile iye entweni emisha enezinhlangothi ezintathu “yedatha yenqubo yezinto ezibonakalayo”. Amabhizinisi adinga ukwakha “ukulethwa kwezindleko zokusebenza” ukuncintisana kukanxantathu wensimbi ukuze abhekane nezinguquko ezimbili zenguquko yamandla entsha kanye nokukhiqiza okuhlakaniphile.
Ngakho-ke, ukukhululwa kwenani lesilinganiso sokuphonswa kwezivumelwano zesikhathi esizayo ze-aluminium alloy ngabahwebi besikhathi esizayo base-Shanghai ngoJuni 9 kuwumphumela ongenakugwemeka, ongabonisi nje kuphela ukuthuthukiswa kwemakethe yesikhathi esizayo yasekhaya esebenzela umnotho wangempela, kodwa futhi kubonisa izwi elikhulayo laseChina ohlelweni lwamanani entengo ye-aluminium yomhlaba wonke. Ngokubamba iqhaza okujulile kwamakhasimende ezimboni, lokhu kuhlukahluka kulindeleke ukuthi kube inkomba ebalulekile yokulinganisa izindleko zezinto zezimoto ezintsha zamandla.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-11-2025