Ngokumelene nesizinda soshintsho olusheshayo embonini yezimoto yomhlaba wonke, i-aluminium isiba ushintsho olubalulekile lwemboni yokushayela. Ngekota yokuqala ka-2025, idatha evela ku-China Association of Automobile Manufacturers ibonise ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla kuqhubekile nokukhula ngenani eliphezulu, nezinga lokungena lanyanga zonke lidlula u-42%, okuwukunyuka ngamaphesenti angu-2 kusuka ezingeni lonyaka ogcwele ngo-2024. Lo mkhuba awugcini nje ngokulungisa iphethini yokukhiqiza izimoto, kodwa futhi uthinta isakhiwo se-product chain. Njengempahla yensimbi yesibili ngobukhulu ekukhiqizeni izimoto ngemva kwensimbi, izici ze-aluminium ezingasindi zinikezwe inani elisha enkathini yezimoto zamandla amasha.
Ukukhula kokuqhuma kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla kuqhubekisele phambili isidingo seizinto ze-aluminium. Ngokwezibalo zakamuva ze-International Aluminium Association, ukusetshenziswa kwe-aluminium emotweni ngayinye ezimotweni ezintsha zamandla e-China kulindeleke ukuthi kudlule amakhilogremu angu-180 ngo-2025, okungaphezu kuka-30% ngaphezu kwalokho kwezimoto ezijwayelekile zikaphethiloli. Lo mehluko usukela ezidingweni ezikhethekile zezimoto zamandla ezintsha zesakhiwo somzimba, isikhwama sephakethe lebhethri, kanye nesistimu yemoto. Uma sithatha njengesibonelo inkampani ehamba phambili yezimoto zamandla amasha, inani lezinto ze-aluminium zomzimba ezimhlophe ezisetshenziswe kumamodeli ayo amasha selifinyelele ku-68%, okuwukunyuka ngamaphesenti angu-15 uma kuqhathaniswa nesizukulwane sangaphambilini semikhiqizo. Ngemuva kwalokhu kuphindaphinda kwezobuchwepheshe kunenzuzo enkulu ye-aluminium ekunciphiseni isisindo nokwandisa ukusebenza kahle - ukusebenzisa ikhilogremu engu-1 ye-aluminium esikhundleni sensimbi kunganciphisa isisindo semoto ngamakhilogremu angaba ngu-2.5, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ububanzi futhi kunciphise ukusetshenziswa kwamandla.
Endabeni yoguquko embonini yezimoto, abahlinzeki be-aluminium benza izinguquko zesakhiwo. Ngekota yokuqala ka-2025, ivolumu yoku-oda yamaphaneli ezimoto ezinkampanini eziphezulu zasekhaya ezikhiqiza i-aluminium inyuke ngo-28% unyaka nonyaka, kanti amakhasimende ezimoto zamandla amasha angaphezulu kuka-65%. Lolu shintsho alubonakali kuphela esikalini sama-oda, kodwa futhi nasekuthuthukisweni kwesakhiwo somkhiqizo. Izinga lokukhula kwesidingo samaphaneli omzimba wemoto enenani eliphakeme, izinto ze-aluminiyamu yephakethe lebhethri, neminye imikhiqizo lingaphezu kokuphindwe kathathu kunezingxenye zenjini evuthayo yangaphakathi. Ngokombiko wonyaka wenkampani esohlwini lwe-aluminium, umkhawulo wayo wenzuzo enkulu yamaphaneli ezimoto ngo-2024 wafinyelela ku-21.7%, okungamaphesenti angu-8.2 aphezulu kunezinto zokwakha ze-aluminium zendabuko, okuqinisekisa amandla enzuzo alethwa ukuthuthukiswa kwezimboni.
Emkhakheni wezithuthuthu nezimoto zikagesi, isidingo semakethe sibonisa umkhuba wokuhlukanisa. Ngokusho kwedatha evela ku-China Motorcycle Association ngo-Ephreli 2025, ukuthengiswa kwasekhaya kwezithuthuthu zikaphethiloli kukhuphuke ngo-9.8% unyaka nonyaka, kanti ukukhiqizwa kwezithuthuthu zikagesi kwaqhubeka nokwehla, nokwehla unyaka nonyaka ngo-17.3%. Lolu shintsho lwesakhiwo lunomthelela okabili ekudingeni izinto ze-aluminium: nakuba inani le-aluminium elisetshenziswa ezimotweni zikaphethiloli lizinzile, ukukhuphuka kunqunyelwe; Ukuncipha kwemakethe yezithuthuthu zikagesi kwenza buthaka ukusekelwa kwesidingo sezinto ezingasindi. Kodwa-ke, emakethe yokuthekelisa, ngokusheshisa kokufakwa kukagesi wezithuthuthu eNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia nakwezinye izifunda, ukuthunyelwa kwezingxenye zesithuthuthu se-aluminium alloy yaseChina kusazokhula unyaka nonyaka ngo-5.2% ngekota yokuqala ka-2025, kukhombisa amathuba esakhiwo phesheya kwezilwandle.
Okuphawuleka kakhulu ukuthi imingcele yohlelo lokusebenza lweizinto ze-aluminiumbafohla emasimini esintu. Iqhutshwa “ikhabhoni embaxambili” okuhloswe ngayo, isidingo sezinto ze-aluminium emkhakheni wezinto zamandla sibonisa ukukhula okukhulu. Ngokohlelo lwango-2025 lwe-State Grid Corporation yaseChina, isidingo sezinto zombhoshongo we-aluminium alloy kumaphrojekthi wamandla kagesi aphezulu kakhulu sizofinyelela kumathani angama-380000, okuwukunyuka konyaka ngama-22%. Izinga lokungena kwe-aluminiyamu yezinto ezintsha zamandla njengamagobolondo e-photovoltaic inverter kanye nama-gearbox anamandla omoya linyuke lisuka ku-47% ngo-2020 laya ku-65% ngo-2025. Imboni yemishini yasendlini nayo ingena emjikelezweni wokuvuselela. Ngekota yokuqala ka-2025, ukusetshenziswa kwe-aluminium kwemishini emikhulu efana nama-air conditioners neziqandisi kukhuphuke ngo-12% unyaka nonyaka, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuthandwa kwezishintshi zokushisa ze-aluminium alloy ezine-conductivity engcono yokushisa.
Ukushintshashintsha kwesidingo emkhakheni wehardware yokwakha kukhombisa umthelela womjikelezo wezindlu ezithengiswayo. NgoMashi 2025, indawo yokuthengisa yezindlu zezentengiselwano e-China yehle ngo-8.1% unyaka nonyaka, okuholele ngokuqondile ekwehliseni ngo-11.3% kumthamo we-oda wamaphrofayili e-aluminium yokwakha. Kodwa-ke, ukugqugquzelwa kwezinqubomgomo zokuhlobisa okucolisisiwe kuye kwayinciphisa kancane ingcindezi yokwehla, futhi ukuqina kwesidingo seminyango namafasitela e-aluminium alloy ephezulu, ikhishi ne-hardware yegumbi lokugezela kanye neminye imikhiqizo sekuyabonakala. Inhloko yebhizinisi elithile lephrofayili ye-aluminium iveze ukuthi ingxenye yeminyango yesistimu nemikhiqizo yamafasitela kuma-oda eziteshi zabo zobunjiniyela inyuke isuka ku-29% ngo-2020 yaya ku-43% ngo-2025, okubonisa ukwesekwa kwesakhiwo okulethwa ukuthuthukiswa kwabathengi.
Uma sibheka emuva ekuguqukeni kwemboni ngo-2025, imboni ye-aluminium ibhekene noguquko olukhulu ukusuka ekuqhutshweni yisidingo sengqalasizinda yendabuko iye ekubeni iqhutshwa yisidingo sokukhiqiza esikhulayo. Inguquko engasindi yezimoto ezintsha ezisebenza ngamandla, ukuthuthukiswa kwezinto ezisetshenziswa amandla kagesi eluhlaza, kanye nokuhweba ngezinto zasendlini kuye kwaluke ngokuhlanganyela uhlobo olusha lwesidingo se-aluminium. Naphezu kwengcindezi yesikhashana elethwa ukulungiswa kwemakethe yezokwakha, isidingo esinamandla emkhakheni wezokukhiqiza osezingeni eliphezulu sihlinzeka ngokusekela okubalulekile ekuguquleni nasekuthuthukiseni imboni. Ezinkampanini eziwuchungechunge lwezimboni, ukusebenzisa amathuba okuphindaphindeka kwezobuchwepheshe, ukuthuthukisa ukwakheka komkhiqizo, nokwandisa izimakethe ezisafufusa kuzoba ukuncintisana okuyinhloko ukuze kunqobe imijikelezo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-14-2025