Yini i-semiconductor?
Idivaysi ye-semiconductor iyingxenye ye-elektroniki esebenzisa ukufakwa ngogesi kepha inezici eziphakathi kwaleyo yomqhubi, ngokwesibonelo ithusi, kanye nengilazi. Lawa madivaysi asebenzisa ukufakwa ngogesi esimweni esiqinile ngokungafani nasemgwaqweni waseGaseous noma e-Thermionic ekhipha i-vacuum, futhi athathe amanye amashubhu we-vacuum ezicelo eziningi zesimanje.
Ukusetshenziswa okuvame kakhulu kwama-semiconductors ku-chip ehlanganisiwe yesifunda. Amadivaysi ethu e-computing wanamuhla, kufaka phakathi izingcingo namathebulethi, angaqukatha izigidigidi zama-semiconductors ahlanganiswe kuma-chip ahlanganisiwe konke okuxhunyiwe ku-semicenductor wafer.
Ukuvuselelwa kwe-semiconductor kungakhohliswa ngezindlela eziningi, njengokungenisa amandla kagesi noma kazibuthe, ngokukuveza ukukhanyisa noma ukushisa, noma ngenxa yoguquko olusebenza ngomshini wegrikon ye-monocrystalline ye-monocrystalline. Ngenkathi incazelo yezobuchwepheshe inemininingwane eminingi, ukukhohlisa ama-semiconductors yilokho okwenze ukuguqulwa kwethu kwamanje kwedijithali.
Ngabe i-aluminium isetshenziswa kanjani kuma-semiconductors?
I-Aluminium inezakhiwo eziningi ezenza kube yindlela eyinhloko yokusebenzisa kuma-semiconductor nama-microchips. Isibonelo, i-aluminium inokunamathela okuphezulu ku-silicon dioxide, ingxenye enkulu yama-semiconductors (yilapho lapho i-salicon Valley inegama layo). Yizakhiwo zikagesi, okungukuthi zinokumelana kagesi okuphansi futhi zenze ukuxhumana okuhle nge-wire bond, kungenye inzuzo ye-aluminium. Okunye okubalulekile ukuthi kulula ukuhlela i-aluminium ngezinqubo ezinokwawo i-Etch, isinyathelo esibalulekile ekwenzeni ama-semiconductor. Ngenkathi ezinye izinsimbi, njengethusi nangesiliva, zinikezela ukumelana nokugqwala okungcono nokuqina kukagesi, nazo zibiza kakhulu kune-aluminium.
Enye yezinhlelo zokusebenza ezivame kakhulu ze-aluminium ekwenziweni kwama-semiconductors asezinhlelweni zezobuchwepheshe ezi-sputtering. Ukubekwa okuncane kwe-nano ubukhulu bezinsimbi ezihlanzeke kakhulu kanye ne-silicon kuma-microprocessor wafers kwenziwa ngenqubo yohlobo lomphunga obonakalayo obizwa ngokuthi yi-sputtering. Impahla ikhishwe kwelitshe futhi ifakwe engxenyeni engezansi ye-silicon egumbini lokuphumula eligcwele igesi ukusiza ukwenza inqubo; imvamisa igesi e-inert enjenge-argon.
Amapuleti asemuva kwalezi zinhloso ezenziwe nge-aluminium enezinto zokuhlanzeka eziphakeme zokwenziwa, njengeTantalum, ithusi, iTitanium, iTungsten noma 99.9999%. I-PhotoElectric noma i-Chemical Etching ye-substrate's Percerate Surface yakha amaphethini wokujikeleza amancane kakhulu asetshenziswa emsebenzini we-semiconductor.
I-aluminium alloy evame kakhulu in semiconductor isebenza ngama-6061. Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu kwe-alloy, ngokuvamile kufakwa ungqimba lwensimbi ebusweni bensimbi, okuzothuthukisa ukumelana nokugqwala.
Ngoba bangamadivayisi aqondile kangaka, ukuthuthuka nezinye izinkinga kumele zibhekwe eduze. Kutholwe izinto eziningana ukuthi zinomthelela ekugcekeni kumadivayisi we-semiconductor, ngokwesibonelo ukuwafaka ngopulasitiki.